Unpatched SQL injection in SeaCMS 8.7 allows remote database extraction
Remote attackers can exploit an unauthenticated SQL flaw in SeaCMS versions up to 8.7 to extract sensitive database information via error messages.
Key points
- The vulnerability affects SeaCMS versions through 8.7 and carries a CVSS score of 8.8.
- Attackers exploit the rlist[] array parameter in comment API requests to manipulate queries.
- Shadowserver Foundation observed exploitation evidence starting on October 14, 2023.
SeaCMS versions up to 8.7 contain a high-severity SQL injection vulnerability that allows remote attackers to manipulate database queries. The flaw is unauthenticated and has been actively exploited in the wild, according to observation data from the Shadowserver Foundation.
What happened
The vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2019-25778, enables remote attackers to inject SQL code through the rlist[] array parameter. This weakness is classified under CWE-89 and permits the manipulation of database queries without prior authentication. Attackers send crafted GET requests to the /comment/api/index.php endpoint on affected systems.
The exploitation method involves using backtick-quoted variables and the extractvalue function within these requests. This technique forces the database to return information via error messages, effectively allowing attackers to extract sensitive data. The National Vulnerability Database rates the severity of this flaw as high, with a CVSS score of 8.8.
Why it matters
Evidence of active exploitation was first observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on October 14, 2023. This indicates that the vulnerability is being used in real-world attacks against deployed systems. Because the flaw is unauthenticated, attackers do not need valid credentials to initiate the attack.
The ability to extract database information via error messages poses a significant risk to data confidentiality. Organizations running SeaCMS versions up to 8.7 are directly exposed to this threat. The high CVSS score reflects the ease of exploitation and the potential impact on system integrity and data privacy.
What to watch
- Monitor web server logs for unusual GET requests targeting the /comment/api/index.php endpoint.
- Look for patterns involving the rlist[] parameter with backtick-quoted variables or extractvalue functions.
- Watch for database error messages that appear in response to these specific crafted requests.
- Verify that all SeaCMS installations are updated to versions newer than 8.7 if available.
Who needs to act first
Teams should prioritize updating systems that are exposed to the public internet, as these face the highest risk from unauthenticated attacks. Before applying any changes, administrators must back up current configurations and database states to ensure recovery options. It is advisable to test updates in a staging environment first to verify compatibility. If immediate patching is not possible, restrict access to the comment API endpoint using firewall rules or web application firewalls to reduce exposure until a permanent fix is applied.
Background: APIs
APIs in healthcare allow different software systems to exchange patient data automatically. They streamline care coordination but introduce significant security risks if access controls are weak. You must enforce strict authentication, limit data exposure, and monitor traffic patterns to prevent unauthorized access or data leaks in these critical integrations.
Read the full guide: APIs in Healthcare: Secure Data Exchange Without Breaches
What to do and how to stay safe: SeaCMS
- Identify all instances of SeaCMS running versions 8.7 or older within your network inventory.
- Check web server access logs for requests to the /comment/api/index.php path with suspicious parameters.
- Implement temporary access controls to block external traffic to the vulnerable API endpoint if patching is delayed.
- Monitor for official vendor announcements regarding updated versions that address CVE-2019-25778.
Step-by-step guide: Virtual Patching Myths: What It Actually Fixes and Breaks
General security guidance from the Patch Gazette newsroom. It is not confirmed advice from the organisations named in this story.
Frequently asked questions
Which versions of SeaCMS are affected by CVE-2019-25778?
All versions of SeaCMS up to and including 8.7 are affected by this SQL injection vulnerability.
Is there a confirmed patch available for this vulnerability?
The source material does not confirm the availability of a specific patch or fix for this issue.
How are attackers exploiting this SQL injection flaw?
Attackers send crafted GET requests with specific values in the rlist[] array to extract database information.
